Explore Fort Point, a historic Civil War-era site beneath the Golden Gate Bridge. Discover its rich history, architecture, and stunning views today!
Nestled beneath the iconic Golden Gate Bridge, Fort Point National Historic Site stands as a remarkable reminder of San Francisco’s military past. This Civil War-era fortress was once a critical defense point for the San Francisco Bay and is now a treasured landmark that attracts history buffs, architecture enthusiasts, and visitors seeking breathtaking views.
History and Architecture of Fort Point
Fort Point was constructed between 1853 and 1861 as part of the “Third System” of coastal defenses, developed to protect major U.S. ports after the War of 1812. Designed in the shape of an irregular pentagon, it features seven-foot-thick brick walls and arched casemates built to house cannons.
The elegant brickwork of the fort mirrors its southern counterpart, Fort Sumter in South Carolina. However, by the time Fort Point was completed in 1861, advancements in artillery had rendered its design nearly obsolete. While it remained armed during the Civil War, Fort Point never saw direct combat.
Preserving Fort Point: A Landmark Saved from Demolition
Fort Point was abandoned by the U.S. Army in 1914 and faced the threat of demolition several times during the 20th century. Plans to destroy the fort to make way for modern coastal defenses and later for the construction of the Golden Gate Bridge were ultimately stopped by preservation efforts.
In 1970, Fort Point was designated a National Historic Site, and today it is managed by the National Park Service as part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area. Visitors can explore its historic tiers, take in panoramic views from the barbette tier, and enjoy reenactments of military drills that bring its storied past to life.
Fort Point’s Role in Coastal Defense and the Presidio
Fort Point wasn’t the only line of defense protecting San Francisco Bay. It was part of a larger system of coastal fortifications that included the Presidio, a former Spanish and Mexican military post, and Alcatraz Island.
In the late 19th century, new concrete batteries were constructed to modernize the bay’s defenses. Some of these batteries, like Battery Chamberlin at the Presidio and the fortifications in the Marin Headlands, remain visible today. Fort Point, however, stands out as the best-preserved example of a Civil War-era brick fort on the West Coast.
The fort was an active military post during several conflicts, including the Spanish-American War, World Wars I and II, and remained part of the Presidio’s operations until 1994.
Visiting Fort Point: A Unique San Francisco Experience
Fort Point offers an immersive historical experience and stunning vistas of the Golden Gate Bridge and San Francisco Bay. Open Fridays through Sundays from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m., the fort welcomes visitors with free admission.
Guided and self-guided tours showcase its unique architecture, military history, and the soldiers’ lives during its active years. The area is also popular with surfers and photographers, as the fort’s position directly beneath the Golden Gate Bridge provides incredible photo opportunities.
In addition to the fort itself, the surrounding Presidio offers scenic hiking trails, historic sites, beaches, and family-friendly attractions like Crissy Field. Whether you’re a history enthusiast, a nature lover, or simply looking to enjoy stunning views, Fort Point is a must-see landmark in San Francisco.
FAQ
What are Fort Point’s hours and admission?
Fort Point is open Fridays through Sundays, from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. Admission is free, but holiday closures may apply.
Is Fort Point wheelchair accessible?
The ground floor, including the theater, is wheelchair accessible. However, the upper floors are only accessible via stairs.
What activities can I do at Fort Point?
Visitors can take self-guided or guided tours, watch an introductory film, and enjoy live cannon drills or military reenactments.
How do I get to Fort Point?
Fort Point is located at the southern anchorage of the Golden Gate Bridge, at Long Avenue and Marine Drive. Limited parking is available, and MUNI public transit provides nearby access.
What other attractions are near Fort Point?
Fort Point is part of the Presidio, which features hiking trails, beaches, historic buildings, and museums. Crissy Field, the Golden Gate Bridge, and Alcatraz Island are also nearby.
